In Musqua v. Bellegarde (Fed CA, 2024) the Federal Court of Appeal considers contempt penalties:
[17] The Federal Court has discretion to choose from a wide range of penalties for a person found to be in contempt. They are set out in rule 472 of the Federal Courts Rules and include imprisonment (rule 472(a) and (b)), a fine (rule 472(c)), an order to refrain from doing any act (rule 472(d)), and an order to pay costs (rule 472(f)). The Federal Court must ultimately fashion a sentence that is proportional in the circumstances: Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada v. Bremsak, 2013 FCA 214 at paras. 29 and 33. Sometimes a warning along with criticism in reasons for judgment is good enough. Not all of these penalties would constitute irreparable harm.
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